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Foundations

Motion

Motion explains change: where something came from, what changed, and where attention should go next. Material answers with two systems — a physics system built on springs, and a fixed easing-and-duration pair for when a spring will not do. Pick one in Use, or set the scheme in Customize.

Material guidance

Pair easing with distance

Entering deceleratesArrive quickly, then settle.
Exiting acceleratesLeave promptly without lingering.
Distance sets durationLarger travel gets more time.
The fixed-timeline system

Ten curves, chosen by direction

When a spring will not do, Material pairs a fixed easing curve with a duration. Entrances decelerate, exits accelerate, and utility movement uses the calmer standard set.

All ten curves with live previews, and why entrances decelerate →
Sixteen durations

Scale time with travel

Durations run 50ms to 1000ms in four bands — short, medium, long, extra-long. Larger travel gets more time; the steps sit 50ms apart up to 600ms, then 100ms apart.

The full scale, and which band fits which travel distance →
The default system

Springs, not timelines

A spring is a rule rather than a recording, so it survives being interrupted, retargeted, or handed a gesture's velocity. Material's components take a spring by default; so do ours. Spatial springs may overshoot position, size or shape, effects springs never do.

Material defines the physics as damping and stiffness, and publishes the curve and duration each spring converts to on the web. Those published values are what --et-motion-spring-* carries — the namespace is ours, the numbers are Material's.

How springs work, and all six moving →
fast · spatial damping 0.90 stiffness 1400 settles in 350ms
fast · effects damping 1.00 stiffness 3800 settles in 150ms
default · spatial damping 0.90 stiffness 700 settles in 500ms
default · effects damping 1.00 stiffness 1600 settles in 200ms
slow · spatial damping 0.90 stiffness 300 settles in 750ms
slow · effects damping 1.00 stiffness 800 settles in 300ms
Transition patterns The six relationships a transition can claim, and the pairing each one uses. Shape morph Sequence Material silhouettes and copy the Tailwind timeline. Reduced motion What the generated preference block changes, and what it deliberately keeps.